<em>Harmonia axyridis</em>

Introduced to Europe and North America as biological control of aphids and other agricultural pests, as well as accidental introductions to other places. First record in SA, mid 2001 in the Western Cape. Even though initially deemed highly beneficial, Harmonia axyridis is now recognized as a NEMBA category 1b invasive species in South Africa.

Category 1a Invasive species requiring compulsory control. Remove and destroy. Any specimens of Category 1a listed species need, by law, to be eradicated from the environment. No permits will be issued.
Category 1b Invasive species requiring compulsory control as part of an invasive species control programme. Remove and destroy. These plants are deemed to have such a high invasive potential that infestations can qualify to be placed under a government sponsored invasive species management programme. No permits will be issued.
Category 2 Invasive species regulated by area. A demarcation permit is required to import, possess, grow, breed, move, sell, buy or accept as a gift any plants listed as Category 2 plants. No permits will be issued for Cat 2 plants to exist in riparian zones.
Category 3 Invasive species regulated by activity. An individual plant permit is required to undertake any of the following restricted activities (import, possess, grow, breed, move, sell, buy or accept as a gift) involving a Category 3 species. No permits will be issued for Cat 3 plants to exist in riparian zones.

Resource South African National Biodiversity Institute