Read more about the article Scavenger crows spread seeds of invasive prickly pear cacti
Figure 1. Field evidence: Empty fruit of O. ficus-indica consumed by Pied crows (A), regurgitated pellets of mixed seeds marked by mixed colours (B&C), and empty O. robusta fruits and faecal sample by smaller birds (F, D & E). (Photo credit: Thabiso Mokotjomela)

Scavenger crows spread seeds of invasive prickly pear cacti

The consumption of alien fruits by birds and dispersal of ingested seeds increase the invasion risk of two cacti species in arid areas of South Africa.

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